All India Services (Leave) Rules 1955
All India Services (Leave) Rules 1955 for IAS, IPS and IFoS: earned leave, half pay, child care leave after 2023, study leave, encashment, deemed resignation.
The All India Services (Leave) Rules, 1955 are the leave code for members of the Indian Administrative Service, the Indian Police Service and the Indian Forest Service, made by the Central Government under section 3(1) of the All India Services Act, 1951 after consulting the State Governments, and first notified by Notification No. 5/2/53 dated 12 September 1955 (S.R.O. 1979), which the 2023 amending notification cites with the suffix AIS(III) and DoPT’s compilation with AIS(II). They fix every kind of leave such an officer can take, the leave salary paid during it, and the cash paid for unused leave on retirement, resignation or death.
The rules matter because the CCS (Leave) Rules 1972 do not reach an All India Services officer. Rule 2(f) of the CCS rules excludes members of the All India Services by name, so an IAS officer posted as a Joint Secretary in a central Ministry still takes leave under the 1955 Rules. Most entitlements run on the same numbers as the CCS rules: 30 days of earned leave a year, a 300-day ceiling, 20 days of half pay leave, 360 days of leave not due, 180 days of maternity leave. The differences are where the questions come from: a 40-day earned leave credit in the North East, special disability leave that still exists, a one-year deemed resignation limb, and a child care leave rule that moved toward the central rule only on 28 July 2023.
The 1955 Rules run to 34 rules, with rules 18(A) to 18(D) and 20A to 20(C) inserted later. Two sets of regulations hang off them: the All India Services (Special Disability Leave) Regulations, 1957, made under rule 16(1), and the All India Services (Study Leave) Regulations, 1960, made under rule 17(1). DoPT’s consolidated compilation, dated 16 March 2012, is the copy served by DoPT, the Ministry of Home Affairs and the IPS portal alike. G.S.R. 562(E) dated 28 July 2023 records in its own footnote that the rules were last amended before it by G.S.R. 707(E) published on 21 September 2011, and no later amendment appears in DoPT’s compilation or in its register of All India Services leave orders as checked on 5 October 2026.
This article covers who sanctions leave, each kind of leave in rule order, leave salary, the three encashment routes, foreign service and leave abroad, the 2023 child care leave amendment, and a rule-by-rule comparison with the CCS (Leave) Rules.
Legal basis and scope
The All India Services (Leave) Rules, 1955 rest on section 3(1) of the All India Services Act, 1951, the same power that supports the All India Services (Conduct) Rules, 1968, the IAS, IPS and Indian Forest Service (Pay) Rules, 2016 and the probation rules for each service. Section 3(1) requires the Central Government to consult the State Governments before making a rule, and the preambles to the 1955 Rules and to the 2023 amendment both record that consultation.
Rule 2(m) defines a member of the Service as a member of an All India Service under section 2 of the 1951 Act, and rule 2(c)(i) counts service as a probationer as duty. A probationer therefore earns leave from the first day of probation. A Ministry of Home Affairs letter No. 14/12/62-AIS(I) dated 28 November 1962 allows earned leave earned as an IPS probationer to be carried forward when the officer joins the IAS before completing IPS probation, because carry-forward does not depend on permanent status.
Rule 32 lets the Government relax any rule in an individual case of undue hardship, after recording reasons, but never in a way less favourable to the officer than the rules themselves. Rule 33 reserves interpretation to the Central Government. Rule 34 repealed the rules in force before 1955 and saved orders made under them.
Who is “the Government” for leave
Rule 2(g) sends each leave decision to the Government the officer is serving:
| Officer’s position | “Government” under rule 2(g) |
|---|---|
| Serving in connection with the affairs of the Union | Central Government |
| Serving under a foreign Government, on duty or on leave | Central Government |
| Serving in connection with the affairs of a State | That State Government |
| Already on leave | The Government that sanctioned the leave |
| Granted leave on expiry of deputation to the Centre, another State or foreign service | Also includes the State Government of the cadre, under the 1968 proviso |
Source: rule 2(g) of the All India Services (Leave) Rules, 1955 and its proviso, inserted by MHA Notification No. 14/2/68-AIS(III) dated 5 September 1968.
An officer whose services are placed at the disposal of a company, corporation or local authority is deemed, under the Explanation to rule 2(g), to be serving the Union or the State that lent the officer, even though the salary comes from outside the Consolidated Fund. Within the Centre, Government of India letter No. 11019/7/78-AIS(III) dated 12 April 1978 delegated the Central Government’s powers under rules 3(1), 6, 9(2), 11(2), 12(2), 13, 14, 15, 18, 19 and 20(6) to each Ministry for the All India Services officers working under it. The Department of Personnel and Training remains the cadre controlling authority for the IAS, the Ministry of Home Affairs for the IPS, and the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change for the Indian Forest Service, and those three act for the Central Government where a rule reserves a decision to it.
General conditions
Rule 3(1) states that leave cannot be claimed as of right and may be refused or revoked when the exigencies of public service demand. Rule 3(2) runs the other way: the Government may not compel an officer to go on leave, and may not change the kind of leave applied for except at the officer’s request. Rule 4 makes duty the only way to earn leave, counting foreign service as duty only where leave salary contributions have been paid or remitted.
Rule 5 starts leave on the day charge is transferred and ends it on the day before charge is resumed. Its proviso lets the Government prescribe when Sundays and other public holidays may be prefixed or suffixed. Rule 6 bars return before leave expires without the sanctioning authority’s permission. Rule 8 allows any kind of leave to be combined with any other, unless a rule says otherwise. Rule 9(1) bars leave beyond the date of retirement under rule 16 of the All India Services (Death-cum-Retirement Benefits) Rules, 1958.
Rule 23 requires a medical certificate of fitness before an officer on medical leave rejoins. Rule 24 denies leave salary for overstayal after leave ends and debits the period as half pay leave unless the Government extends the leave, with wilful absence open to action under the All India Services (Discipline and Appeal) Rules, 1969. Rule 30 lets an officer who is dismissed, removed or compulsorily retired and then reinstated on appeal or revision count the former service for leave.
Earned leave
Earned leave is the main paid leave under the All India Services (Leave) Rules, 1955, and rule 10 sets out its credit in the form substituted by Notification No. 11019/6/97-AIS(III) dated 3 March 1998. The account is credited with 30 days a calendar year, in advance, as 15 days on 1 January and 15 days on 1 July. The North East proviso, inserted by Notification No. 11019/17/2005-AIS-III (G.S.R. 208(E) dated 19 March 2007), raises the credit to 40 days a year, in two instalments of 20 days, for an officer working in the North East or on inter-cadre deputation to a North Eastern State. The Note to rule 10 defines the North East as the cadres of Assam-Meghalaya, Manipur-Tripura, Nagaland and Sikkim, which is how the cadres stood when the Note was written in 2007.
No central civilian has an equivalent: the earned leave credit under Rule 26 of the CCS (Leave) Rules is 30 days whatever the posting. The North East proviso is carried through every pro rata clause of rule 10, so the monthly rate for a part half-year is 3 1/3 days in place of 2 1/2.
| Clause of rule 10(1) | Event | Credit, standard | Credit, North East |
|---|---|---|---|
| (a) | Each half-year, in advance | 15 days | 20 days |
| (b) | Extraordinary leave in previous half-year | Reduced by 1/10 of the extraordinary leave, up to 15 days | Same |
| (c) | Carry-forward ceiling | 300 days including the new credit | Same |
| (d) | Appointment during a half-year | 2 1/2 days per completed month likely to be served | 3 1/3 days |
| (e) | Half-year of retirement or resignation | 2 1/2 days per completed month to the date | 3 1/3 days |
| (f) | Removal or dismissal | 2 1/2 days per completed month to the end of the preceding month | 3 1/3 days |
| (f) | Death in service | 2 1/2 days per completed month to the end of the preceding month | No North East proviso; 2 1/2 days |
| (g) | Joining time not fully availed | Unavailed days up to 15, within the 300-day ceiling | Same |
Source: rule 10 of the All India Services (Leave) Rules, 1955, with clause (g) as substituted by Notification No. 11019/4/88-AIS(III) (G.S.R. 45 dated 27 January 1990). Rule 10(2) rounds a fraction of a day to the nearest day.
DoPT letter No. 11019/4/99-AIS(III) dated 15 July 1999 adapted the 1990 crediting procedure to the 300-day ceiling. An officer with 285 days or less at credit on 1 January or 1 July gets the 15 days in advance as usual. An officer above 285 days has the 15 days held separately, set first against any earned leave taken during the half-year, with the balance credited at the close subject to the 300-day cap. The effect is that an officer sitting near 300 days does not lose the half-year’s credit merely because it would breach the ceiling on the first day.
Rule 10(3) gives a State service officer promoted or selected into an All India Service five years from appointment to use leave accumulated above the normal ceiling, after which the excess lapses. During those five years the officer earns no fresh leave until the balance falls below 300 days.
Earned leave at one time
Rule 11, substituted by Notification No. 11019/6/91-AIS(III) dated 3 May 1993 and given its present figures by Notification No. 11019/6/97-AIS(III) dated 3 March 1998, caps a single grant of earned leave at 180 days. Earned leave taken as leave preparatory to retirement may run to 300 days. Under rule 11(2) a grant may extend to 240 days where the whole or part of the leave is spent outside India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Pakistan, but where more than 120 days is granted on that ground the time spent in India may not exceed 120 days in aggregate.
Half pay leave, commuted leave and leave not due
Half pay leave is credited under rule 12(1), as substituted by Notification No. 11019/16/85-AIS(III) dated 26 May 1986, in advance as 10 days on 1 January and 10 days on 1 July, which makes 20 days a year. The part-year rate is 5/3 days per completed month for the half-year of appointment, retirement or resignation, and for removal, dismissal or death. Rule 12(3) allows it on medical certificate or on private affairs. The pattern is the same as half pay leave under Rule 29 of the CCS rules.
Commuted leave under rule 13 converts half pay leave to full pay on medical certificate, up to half the half pay leave due, with twice the days debited. Rule 13(2) allows up to 90 days of commuted leave in the whole career for a course of study certified by the Government to be in the public interest. The CCS figure is double: Rule 30(1-A) of the CCS (Leave) Rules allows 180 days of commuted leave for study. Rule 13(4), inserted in 1983, converts commuted leave to half pay leave and recovers the difference if the officer resigns or retires voluntarily without returning to duty, except where retirement is on ill health or the officer dies.
Leave not due under rule 14 is an advance against future half pay leave, up to 360 days in the whole career, on medical certificate; it is not admissible as leave preparatory to retirement. The Government must be satisfied that the officer will return and earn the same amount of half pay leave. MHA letter No. 10/7/56-AIS(II) dated 24 October 1956 counts leave not due already taken under earlier Central or State rules toward the 360 days. If the officer resigns without returning, the leave not due is cancelled, resignation takes effect from the date the leave began, and the leave salary is recovered. The leave not due cap under Rule 31 of the CCS rules is also 360 days.
Extraordinary leave and the five-year limit
Rule 15 allows extraordinary leave where no other leave is admissible, or where other leave is admissible but the officer applies in writing for extraordinary leave. It is not debited to the leave account and carries no leave salary under rule 20(4). Rule 15(2) lets the Government convert unauthorised absence retrospectively into extraordinary leave even where other leave was admissible when the absence began. The AIS rule has no counterpart to the occasion-wise caps of three, six, 18 or 24 months that Rule 32(2) of the CCS rules applies to staff not in permanent or quasi-permanent employ; the only ceiling is rule 7.
Rule 7(1) bars leave of any kind for a continuous period exceeding five years. Rule 7(2), in the form set by Notifications No. 11019/15/2003-AIS-III dated 19 October 2004 (G.S.R. 373) and 19 March 2007 (G.S.R. 207(E)), deems a member to have resigned in three situations:
- absence without authorisation for more than one year from the expiry of sanctioned leave or permission;
- continuous absence from duty for more than five years, even if the unauthorised part is under a year;
- continuation on foreign service beyond the period approved by the Central Government.
A reasonable opportunity to explain must be given before the sub-rule is invoked. The rule carries no discretion of the kind Rule 12(2) of the CCS rules gives the President to determine otherwise, and the CCS rule has no one-year limb at all: deemed resignation of an All India Services officer can follow one year of unauthorised absence, where a central civilian reaches it only after five years of continuous absence.
DoPT letter No. 11019/05/2015-AIS-III dated 3 November 2015 lays down the procedure. The State Government waits one month after the leave or permission ends, then issues a show-cause notice, and forwards a complete proposal to the Central Government within the next two months; if it does not, the Central Government proceeds on its own. The letter requires the whole process to be completed within three months of the one-year period running out.
Special disability leave
Rule 16 of the All India Services (Leave) Rules, 1955 allows special disability leave on conditions set by the All India Services (Special Disability Leave) Regulations, 1957, published by Notification No. 6/1/55-AIS(III) dated 15 July 1957. It can be combined with any other leave and is not debited to the leave account except as rule 20(6) provides. It may be granted more than once if the disability is aggravated or reproduced in similar circumstances, but never more than 24 months for any one disability. Leave granted under the Armed Forces leave rules for an injury while serving with the Armed Forces is treated as leave under rule 16.
Regulation 3 of the 1957 Regulations confines the leave to a disability suffered as a result of “risk of office” or “special risk of office”. Risk of office is an accident or disease risk to which the officer is exposed in the course of and as a consequence of duty, excluding risks common to modern life in India unless the service enhances them, and includes injury from riots and civil disorder while on duty, on a working day or a holiday, and travel to or from a place of duty. Special risk of office covers injury from a person assaulting or resisting the officer in the discharge of duty or because of the officer’s official position, and injury or disease from a particular duty that materially raises the risk above the normal. The disability must manifest within three months of the occurrence, unless the Government is satisfied about the cause, and the period of leave is what a medical board certifies.
Leave salary under rule 20 is full pay for the first 120 days, then, at the officer’s option, full pay for a further period up to the earned leave due, with half that number of days debited to earned leave, and half pay for the rest.
This head is the clearest divergence between the two codes. Central civilian employees lost special disability leave and hospital leave on 14 December 2018, when the CCS rules replaced them with work related illness and injury leave. No corresponding amendment to the 1955 Rules or the 1957 Regulations appears in DoPT’s compilation or its register of All India Services leave orders as checked on 5 October 2026, so an IPS officer injured in a riot is governed by rule 16 and the 24-month cap.
Study leave
Rule 17 allows study leave on terms prescribed by the All India Services (Study Leave) Regulations, 1960 (G.S.R. 666 dated 18 June 1960), for a special course of study or instruction approved by the Government in the public interest, in India or abroad. It is not debited to the leave account.
| Condition | Figure | Regulation of the 1960 Regulations |
|---|---|---|
| Minimum service | Seven years; six years for the North East cadres | 3(4)(i) and proviso inserted by G.S.R. 427(E) dated 13 June 2007 |
| Retirement bar | Not granted if due to retire within three years of return | 3(4)(ii) |
| At one time | Ordinarily 12 months | 4(i) |
| Whole career | 24 months, including study leave under other rules | 4(ii) |
| Approved fellowships | Whole fellowship, up to 24 months | Proviso to 4(ii) |
| Total absence with other leave | 28 months; 36 months for a Ph.D. course | 5(1) |
| Study allowance abroad | Up to 24 months in all | 7(1) |
Regulation 3(2) limits study leave to courses of definite advantage to the public interest in subjects other than academic or literary subjects, and regulation 3(3) bars study leave abroad without the Central Government’s prior approval or for subjects with adequate facilities in India. An officer serving temporarily in another State or at the Centre needs the concurrence of the cadre State under regulation 3(6). The officer executes a bond to serve after return, in the format revised by DoPT letter No. 11020/03/2014-AIS-III of September 2014. The All India Services do not have a separate sabbatical: the 1955 Rules carry no head of sabbatical leave, and the 1960 Regulations are the instrument for extended study.
The CCS figures match: study leave under Rules 50 to 63 of the CCS (Leave) Rules is capped at 24 months in the career, and Rule 54 limits total absence with other leave to 28 months, or 36 months for a Ph.D. course. The CCS rules add a separate, higher career aggregate for Central Health Service officers taking a postgraduate qualification, which has no All India Services counterpart.
Maternity, adoption and paternity leave
Rule 18(1), inserted by Notification No. 11019/6/97-AIS(III) dated 9 March 1998 and raised to 180 days by G.S.R. 707(E) of 21 September 2011, grants maternity leave to a woman member with fewer than two surviving children on full pay for up to 180 days. It is not debited to the leave account. Under rule 18(3) leave of the kind due, including up to 60 days of commuted leave and leave not due without a medical certificate, may follow it for up to two years. The Note to rule 18 allows up to six weeks of maternity leave for a miscarriage or abortion on medical certificate, and DP&AR letter No. 11019/9/75-AIS(III) dated 6 June 1975 counts an abortion under the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 as an abortion for this purpose.
G.S.R. 707(E) of 21 September 2011 also inserted two adoption provisions:
- Rule 18(A), child adoption leave: 180 days on full pay for a female member with fewer than two surviving children who validly adopts a child below one year, followed if needed by leave due of up to one year for a child under one month, six months for a child of six to seven months, and three months for a child of nine to ten months.
- Rule 18(C), adoptive paternity leave: 15 days for a male member, including a probationer, with fewer than two surviving children, within six months of adopting a child below one year.
DoPT letter No. 11019/27/2008-AIS-III dated 20 August 2009 had already applied both benefits to the All India Services by executive order, two years before the rules caught up.
Rule 18(B), as substituted by Notification No. 11019/50/2006-AIS(III) (G.S.R. 510(E) dated 26 July 2007), grants paternity leave of 15 days to a male member, including a probationer, with fewer than two surviving children, from 15 days before to six months after the delivery. It is paid at full pay, combinable with other leave, not debited, and lapses if not taken in the window. The Note says it “shall not normally be refused under any circumstances”. The rule does not confine it to a single spell, unlike railway Rule 551(A)(7) as substituted in 2025.
Child care leave after the 2023 amendment
Rule 18(D) was inserted by G.S.R. 707(E) of 21 September 2011 and substituted in substance by the All India Services (Leave) Amendment Rules, 2023, G.S.R. 562(E) dated 28 July 2023, F. No. 11019/04/2020-AIS-III, in force from publication in the Gazette with no retrospective effect. The amendment substituted sub-rules (1), (2), (5) and (6), added sub-rule (7), and added an Explanation.
| Feature | Rule 18(D) from 2011 to 27 July 2023 | Rule 18(D) from 28 July 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Who | Female member only | Female member and single male member |
| Children covered | Up to two children below 18 | Two eldest surviving children up to 18 |
| Career maximum | 730 days | 730 days |
| Leave salary | Pay last drawn throughout | 100% of pay for the first 365 days, 80% of pay for the next 365 |
| Spells | More than one, no limit | Three a calendar year; six for a single female member; minimum five days a spell |
| Leave account | Not debited | Separate child care leave account, not debited to any other |
| Probation | No provision | Not ordinarily granted, except in extreme situations and for a minimal period |
Sources: rule 18(D) as inserted by G.S.R. 707(E) dated 21 September 2011, and as substituted by G.S.R. 562(E) dated 28 July 2023.
The Explanation defines a single male member as “an unmarried or widower or divorcee male member”. Sub-rule (4), which the 2023 amendment left in place, still allows leave due, including commuted leave up to 60 days and leave not due without a medical certificate, for up to one year after a spell of child care leave.
The central rule changed on 11 December 2018, by DoPT Notification No. 11020/01/2017-Estt.(L), which introduced the 80% second year and the single male parent into Rule 43-C of the CCS rules. The All India Services followed four years and seven months later. Two CCS features do not appear in rule 18(D) as substituted in 2023, and no later AIS amendment adding them appears in DoPT’s compilation or its register of leave orders as checked on 5 October 2026: Rule 43-C(2)(b), by DoPT notification of 6 June 2018, allows child care leave for a child of any age with a disability of at least 40%, and Rule 43-C(8), inserted by Notification No. A-24011/21/2023-Estt-Leave dated 18 June 2024, covers a commissioning mother in a surrogacy. Rule 18(D)(1) as substituted in 2023 sets an age limit of eighteen with no exception.
Leave salary
Rule 20 ties leave salary to the pay drawn immediately before the leave begins:
| Kind of leave | Leave salary | Rule |
|---|---|---|
| Earned leave | Pay drawn immediately before the leave | 20(1) |
| Half pay leave, leave not due | Half of that | 20(2) |
| Commuted leave | Full, as for earned leave | 20(3) |
| Extraordinary leave | Nil | 20(4) |
| Special disability leave, first 120 days | Full | 20(5) |
| Special disability leave, beyond 120 days | Full against earned leave at half debit, then half | 20(6), 20(7) |
| Maternity, child adoption, paternity | Pay drawn immediately before the leave | 18(1), 18(A)(2), 18(B)(2), 18(C)(2) |
| Child care leave | 100% for 365 days, then 80% | 18(D)(2) |
Source: rules 18 and 20 of the All India Services (Leave) Rules, 1955, with rule 18(D)(2) as substituted on 28 July 2023.
Dearness allowance on reduced leave salary is the subject of MHA letter No. 1/133/63-AIS(II) dated 2 December 1963: an officer on half pay leave or under suspension whose leave salary or subsistence allowance falls below the pay limit for dearness allowance applicable to Central Government servants is entitled to it, with the amount actually drawn used both for the limit and for the calculation. Under rule 21(1) an officer on leave may not take up any service or employment without the Government’s permission, and DoPT letter No. 11019/62/2005-AIS-III dated 4 July 2006 told the States that private employment on extraordinary leave under State schemes needs the Centre’s approval under rule 6(2)(ii) of the cadre rules.
Leave encashment
The All India Services (Leave) Rules, 1955 allow leave encashment by three routes and no other. DoPT letter No. 11019/34/2003-AIS-III dated 17 September 2009 says so expressly and forbids the States from allowing an All India Services officer any further encashment under State rules. An earlier letter of the same number dated 19 January 2005 had already withdrawn State-rule encashment once rule 20A existed, directing that encashment availed earlier under State rules not be deducted from the leave at credit on superannuation.
| Occasion | Rule | What is encashed | Ceiling |
|---|---|---|---|
| Retirement or death | 20A | Earned leave plus half pay leave, sanctioned suo motu | 300 days in all |
| Resignation | 20(B) | Half the earned leave at credit | 150 days |
| Leave travel concession | 20(C) | 10 days of earned leave each time | 60 days in the career; 30 days must remain at credit |
Source: rules 20A, 20(B) and 20(C) of the All India Services (Leave) Rules, 1955, with rule 20(C) as amended by G.S.R. 707(E) dated 21 September 2011.
Retirement and death under rule 20A
Rule 20A covers superannuation under rule 15(1), and retirement under rule 16(2), (2A) or (3), of the All India Services (Death-cum-Retirement Benefits) Rules, 1958, and death in service. The Government sanctions the cash equivalent without an application and pays it as a lump sum. The earned leave component is (pay on the date of retirement or death plus dearness allowance on it) divided by 30, multiplied by the days of earned leave at credit. The half pay leave component is (half pay leave salary on that date plus dearness allowance on it) divided by 30, multiplied by the days of half pay leave that fit within the 300-day total. No other allowance counts, and half pay leave may not be commuted to fill a shortfall in earned leave. Rule 9(4) separately requires a suo motu payment for earned leave, to the extent permissible under the orders for Central Civil Services Group A officers, to an officer deemed to have retired under rule 5A of the 1958 Rules.
A worked case, built on the rule 20A formula by salary-calculator.in: an officer retires on 30 June 2024 with basic pay of Rs. 1,82,200 (the entry cell of Level 15 in Appendix I of the IAS (Pay) Rules, 2016), dearness allowance at 50% (the rate Department of Expenditure OM No. 1/1/2024-E-II(B) dated 12 March 2024 set for central government employees from 1 January 2024), 240 days of earned leave and 100 days of half pay leave at credit.
| Component | Working | Amount |
|---|---|---|
| Earned leave | (Rs. 1,82,200 + Rs. 91,100) / 30 x 240 days | Rs. 21,86,400 |
| Half pay leave, 60 days counted | (Rs. 91,100 + Rs. 45,550) / 30 x 60 days | Rs. 2,73,300 |
| Total | 300 days | Rs. 24,59,700 |
Only 60 of the 100 days of half pay leave count, because earned leave fills 240 of the 300 days.
Rule 20A(4)(a) pays the cash equivalent to an officer allowed to retire voluntarily while under suspension, or retired in public interest while suspended, only if the authority competent to order reinstatement finds the officer fully exonerated and the suspension wholly unjustified. DoPT letter No. 11019/06/2022-AIS-III dated 27 October 2022 adds that where an officer retires under suspension or with disciplinary or criminal proceedings pending, the authority competent to grant leave may withhold the whole or part of the encashment if money may become recoverable, releasing the balance after Government dues are adjusted when the proceedings end.
Resignation and LTC
Rule 20(B) pays half the earned leave at credit on resignation, capped at 150 days, again suo motu. Half pay leave is not encashed. Rule 20(C) pays 10 days of earned leave as leave salary each time the officer avails leave travel concession, up to 60 days in the career, with at least 30 days left at credit. After G.S.R. 707(E) of 2011 omitted clause (ii), the encashment is not linked to the number or kind of days taken as leave on the journey, and sub-rule (2) states the encashed days are not deducted from the 300 days encashable at retirement. Where husband and wife are both members of the Services, each may encash 10 days, subject to the 60-day career limit. DoPT letter No. 11022/2/2008-AIS(II) dated 7 October 2008 first applied the Sixth Pay Commission’s LTC encashment to the All India Services before it entered the rules.
Foreign service and leave abroad
Rule 25 ends leave, and leave salary, on the date an officer on leave is transferred to foreign service. For foreign service in India, rules 26 and 28 require leave salary contributions to be paid to the Government by the officer unless the foreign employer agrees to pay, at rates the Central Government prescribes. The officer may not withhold contributions to avoid counting the time, no one has a property right in a contribution, and an officer on foreign service in India who avails leave to which the officer is not entitled must refund the leave salary or forfeit past service for pension and leave under rule 26(2). For foreign service out of India, rule 27 lets the foreign employer grant leave on its own conditions, paid by the employer and not debited to the officer’s account, unless special arrangements are made for leave under the 1955 Rules against contributions to the Consolidated Fund of India.
Leave spent abroad is now largely delegated. DoPT Information Document F. No. 11011/01/2022-AIS-III, updated on 7 October 2022, consolidates letters of 14 January 1994, 7 March 2003, 4 August 2003 and 5 December 2007:
- State Governments and central Ministries sanction ex-India leave for private visits on leave due, with no reference to the cadre controlling authority.
- Leave combined with an official visit abroad is limited to three weeks and to 50% of the official period, or up to four days where the official visit is under eight days.
- Study leave abroad is excluded from the delegation and always needs Central Government clearance.
- Absence abroad without the required clearance is treated as dies non.
Extraordinary leave to go abroad on personal grounds needs the Government of India’s prior approval under DoPT letter No. 11020/15/97-AIS-III dated 14 December 1998. Rule 22 governs recall from leave: an officer recalled from leave out of India gets a free passage and counts the voyage as duty, while one recalled from leave in India is on duty from the day of starting for the new station and draws travelling allowance for the journey.
Probationers
A probationer earns leave from the first day of probation, because rule 2(c)(i) counts probation as duty. Rule 29 stops any leave granted to a probationer whose service is to be terminated at the end of the sanctioned or extended probation, or on an earlier termination order. Rules 18(B) and 18(C) name the probationer expressly for paternity leave, while rule 18(D)(7) since 2023 bars child care leave during probation except in extreme situations and for a minimal period.
Letter No. 1/19/72-AIS(III) dated 13 October 1972 counts continuous previous service of an IAS, IPS or Indian Forest Service probationer under the Central Government for leave, with the leave salary allocated between Governments; previous service under a State Government counts only if that State agrees to bear the leave salary. The probation rules of each service are separate instruments with their own numbering, covered in All India Services probation.
Comparison with the CCS (Leave) Rules 1972
The two codes share most of their figures, which makes the differences easy to miss. The table sets the 1955 Rules against the CCS (Leave) Rules, 1972 as consolidated by DoPT up to 24 September 2024.
| Provision | AIS (Leave) Rules, 1955 | CCS (Leave) Rules, 1972 |
|---|---|---|
| Earned leave a year | 30 days; 40 in the North East cadres (rule 10) | 30 days (Rule 26) |
| Earned leave ceiling | 300 days (rule 10(1)(c)) | 300 days (Rule 26) |
| Half pay leave a year | 20 days (rule 12) | 20 days (Rule 29) |
| Commuted leave for study | 90 days (rule 13(2)) | 180 days (Rule 30(1-A)) |
| Leave not due | 360 days (rule 14) | 360 days (Rule 31) |
| Extraordinary leave caps | None beyond five years (rule 7) | Occasion caps for non-permanent staff (Rule 32(2)) |
| Deemed resignation | One year unauthorised, five years continuous, or foreign service overstay (rule 7(2)) | Five years continuous, unless the President determines otherwise (Rule 12(2)) |
| Duty injury | Special disability leave, 24 months per disability (rule 16) | Work related illness and injury leave since 14 December 2018 (Rule 44) |
| Child care leave | 730 days, female or single male, 100% then 80%, from 28 July 2023 (rule 18(D)) | Same, from 11 December 2018, plus disabled-child and surrogacy provisions (Rule 43-C) |
| Encashment on retirement | Earned plus half pay leave, 300 days (rule 20A) | Same, 300 days (Rule 39(2)(a)) |
| Encashment on resignation | Half the earned leave, up to 150 days (rule 20(B)) | Half the earned leave, up to 150 days (Rule 39(6)(a)(ii)) |
Source: the DoPT compilations of the two sets of rules, and G.S.R. 562(E) dated 28 July 2023.
The 1955 Rules carry no head of casual leave or quarantine leave. A matter the All India Services rules do not provide for falls under rule 2 of the All India Services (Conditions of Service, Residuary Matters) Rules, 1960: to the orders applicable to Central Civil Services Group A officers for an officer serving the Union, and to those applicable to State Civil Service Class I officers for an officer serving a State. DP&AR letter No. 14/1/70-AIS(III) dated 28 June 1975 applied that route to leave encashment before rule 20A existed: an officer serving a State took the State rule, while an officer at the Centre, governed by the orders for central government employees of Group A, got no encashment, because Group A officers then had none. The latest order in DoPT’s register of All India Services leave orders on doptcirculars.nic.in, as checked on 5 October 2026, is dated 27 October 2022.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Which leave rules apply to IAS, IPS and Indian Forest Service officers?
Who sanctions leave for an All India Services officer?
How much earned leave does an IAS officer get in a year?
What is the maximum earned leave an All India Services officer can take at one time?
Do IAS and IPS officers get child care leave?
Can a male IAS officer take child care leave?
How is leave encashment calculated when an IAS officer retires?
Can an All India Services officer encash leave while in service?
How much leave does an IAS officer encash on resignation?
When is an All India Services officer deemed to have resigned for absence?
Do All India Services officers still get special disability leave?
How long can an IAS officer take study leave?
Do All India Services officers need permission to take leave abroad?
Can leave encashment be withheld from an IAS officer facing disciplinary proceedings?
How do the All India Services leave rules differ from the CCS leave rules?
Related Articles
- All India Services
- Indian Administrative Service
- Indian Police Service
- Indian Forest Service
- IAS salary
- IPS salary
- All India Services (Conduct) Rules, 1968
- All India Services (Discipline and Appeal) Rules, 1969
- All India Service pay rules of 2016
- All India Services probation
- CCS (Leave) Rules 1972
- Earned leave
- Half pay leave
- Commuted leave
- Leave not due
- Extraordinary leave
- Special disability leave
- Work related illness and injury leave
- Hospital leave
- Study leave
- Sabbatical leave
- Maternity leave for government employees
- Child adoption leave
- Paternity leave
- Child care leave
- Casual leave
- Quarantine leave
- Leave preparatory to retirement
- Leave encashment
- Leave travel concession
- Dearness allowance
- Travelling allowance
- Foreign service
- Resignation from government service
- Suspension
- Department of Personnel and Training
- Central government employees
- Central Staffing Scheme
- Fundamental Rules
External references
- All India Services (Leave) Rules, 1955, DoPT consolidated compilation
- All India Services (Special Disability Leave) Regulations, 1957
- All India Services (Study Leave) Regulations, 1960
- All India Services (Leave) Amendment Rules, 2023, G.S.R. 562(E)
- CCS (Leave) Rules, 1972, DoPT compilation updated to 24 September 2024
- Department of Personnel and Training, All India Services rules
References
- All India Services (Leave) Rules, 1955, Notification No. 5/2/53 dated 12 September 1955 (S.R.O. 1979), as consolidated by the Department of Personnel and Training (compilation dated 16 March 2012).
- All India Services (Leave) Amendment Rules, 2023, G.S.R. 562(E) dated 28 July 2023, F. No. 11019/04/2020-AIS-III, substituting rule 18(D).
- Notification No. 11019/27/08-AIS(III) dated 19 September 2011, G.S.R. 707(E) dated 21 September 2011, inserting rules 18(A), 18(C) and 18(D) and amending rule 20(C).
- All India Services (Special Disability Leave) Regulations, 1957, Notification No. 6/1/55-AIS(III) dated 15 July 1957.
- All India Services (Study Leave) Regulations, 1960, G.S.R. 666 dated 18 June 1960.
- Department of Personnel and Training letter No. 11019/05/2015-AIS-III dated 3 November 2015, procedure for deemed resignation under rule 7(2).
- Department of Personnel and Training letter No. 11019/06/2022-AIS-III dated 27 October 2022, withholding of leave encashment under rule 20A.
- Department of Personnel and Training Information Document F. No. 11011/01/2022-AIS-III, updated 7 October 2022, ex-India leave.
- Department of Personnel and Training letter No. 11019/34/2003-AIS-III dated 17 September 2009, encashment of earned leave by members of the All India Services.